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Philippines
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officially Republic of the Philippines, Pilipino Republika
ñg Pilipinascountry
in Southeast Asia. It is an archipelago consisting of some 7,100
islands and islets lying about 500 miles off the coast. The total
land area of the Philippines is 115,800 square miles (300,000
square kilometres). It is bounded by the Philippine Sea to the
east, the Celebes Sea to the south, and the South China Sea to the
west and north. The Philippines takes its name from Philip II, who
was king of Spain during the Spanish colonization of the islands
in the 16th century. Manila is the biggest city and the national
capital. It is located on Luzon, the largest island, which has a
land area of 40,420 square miles. Mindanao, at 36,537 square miles
the second largest island, lies in the south.
The archipelago spreads out in the form of a triangle, with the
islands south of Palawan, the Sulu Archipelago, and the island of
Mindanao forming (west–east) its southern base and the Batan
Islands, in the north, its apex. The islands stretch for about
1,150 miles (1,850 kilometres) from north to south and for about
700 miles from east to west at their widest extent. Only about
two-fifths of the islands and islets have names, and only some 350
have areas of one square mile or more. The large islands fall into
three groups: (1) the Luzon group in the north and west,
consisting of Luzon, Mindoro, and Palawan; (2) the Visayan group
in the centre, consisting of Bohol, Cebu, Leyte, Masbate, Negros,
Panay, and Samar; and (3) Mindanao in the south.
Because it was under Spanish rule for 333 years and under U.S.
tutelage for a further 48 years, the Philippines has many cultural
affinities with the West. It is, for example, the fourth most
populous country in which English is an official language and the
only predominantly Roman Catholic country in Southeast Asia. Its
peoples, however, are Asian in consciousness and in aspiration. In
many ways Filipino society is composed of paradoxes, perhaps the
most apparent being the great extremes of wealth and poverty in
the nation. The Philippines is a country of rich resources, but it
is in the process of developing its full potentialities. It is
primarily agricultural, although a high degree of domestic and
foreign investment has spurred the rapid development of its
industrial potential. Educationally, it is among the most advanced
of Asian countries, having a high literacy rate.
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Retail
Trade Liberazation Act of 2000
Republic
Act No. 8762 |
|
Financing
Company Act
Republic
Act No. 8556 |
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Domestic
Adoption Act Of 1998
Republic
Act No. 8552 |
|
PNP
Reform & Reorganization Act of 1998
Republic
Act No. 8551 |
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Government
Assistance to Students and Teachers in Private Education Act
Republic
Act No. 8545 |
|
An
Act Amending TITLE I, CHAPTER 3, ARTICLE 39 Of Executive Order
No. 209, Otherwise known as the Family Code of the
Philippines, Nullifying the Prescriptive Period for Action or
defenses grounded on Psychological Incapacity
Republic
Act No. 8533. |
|
An
Act Strengthening further the Comprehensive Agrarian Reform
Program (CARP), By Provinding Augmentation Fund Therfore,
Amending for the purpose Section 63 of Republic Act No. 6657,
Otherwise Known As "The CARP LAW Of 1988"
Republic
Act No. 8532 |
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Adopt-A-School
Act Of 1998
Republic
Act No. 8525 |
|
An
Act Changing The Term of Office of Barangay Officials and
members of the Sangguniang Kabataan from three (3) Years To
Five (5) Years, Amending For The Purpose Section 43 Of
Republic Act Numbered Seven Thousand One Hundred Sixty,
Otherwise Known As the LOCAL GOVERNMENT CODE OF 1991, And For
Other Purposes
Republic
Act No. 8524 |
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AN
ACT BANNING THE REGISTRATION AND OPERATION OF VEHICLES WITH
RIGHT-HAND STEERING WHEEL IN ANY PRIVATE OR PUBLIC STREET,
ROAD OR HIGHWAY, PROVIDING PENALTIES THEREFOR AND FOR OTHER
PURPOSES
Republic
Act No. 8506 |
|
RAPE
VICTIM ASSISTANCE AND PROTECTION ACT OF 1998
Republic
Act No. 8505 |
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PHILIPPINES
AIDS PREVENTION AND CONTROL ACT OF 1998
Republic
Act No. 8504 |
|
HOUSING
LOAN CONDONATION ACT OF 1998
Republic
Act No. 8501 |
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FLAG
& HERALDIC CODE OF THE PHILIPPINES Republic
Act No. 8491 |
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THE
ANIMAL WELFARE ACT OF 1998
Republic
Act No. 8485 |
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DOWNSTREAM
OIL INDUSTRY DEREGULATION ACT OF 1998
Republic
Act No. 8479 |
|
AN
ACT INCREASING THE CASH GIFT TO FIVE THOUSAND PESOS
(P5,000.00), AMENDING FOR THE PURPOSE CERTAIN SECTIONS OF
REPUBLIC ACT NUMBERED SIX THOUSAND SIX HUNDRED EIGHTY-SIX, AND
FOR OTHER PURPOSES
Republic
Act No. 8441 |
|
AN
ACT PROVIDING FOR THE CONFIRMATION OF
WORLD WAR II MILITARY SERVICES Republic
Act No. 8440 |
|
AN
ACT FURTHER EXTENDING THE RENT CONTROL PERIOD FOR CERTAIN
RESIDENTIAL UNITS AMENDING THEREBY BATAS PAMBANSA BLG. 877
ENTITLED: "AN ACT PROVIDING FOR THE STABILIZATION AND
REGULATION OF RENTALS OF CERTAIN RESIDENTIAL UNITS, AND FOR
OTHER PURPOSES, AS AMENDED"
Republic
Act No. 8437 |
|
SOCIAL
REFORM AND POVERTY ALLEVIATION ACT
Republic
Act No. 8425 |
|
TRADITIONAL
AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE ACT OF 1997 (TAMA)
Republic
Act No. 8423 |
|
CHILDREN'S
TELEVISION ACT OF 1997
Republic
Act No. 8370 |
|
THE
FAMILY COURTS ACT OF 1997
Republic
Act No. 8369 |
|
THE
ANTI-SQUATTING LAW REPEAL ACT OF 1997
Republic
Act No. 8368 |
|
THE
ANTI-RAPE LAW OF 1997
Republic
Act No. 8353 |
|
AN
ACT PROVIDING FOR THE PROCLAMATION OF A LONE CANDIDATE FOR ANY
ELECTIVE OFFICE IN A SPECIAL ELECTION, AND FOR OTHER PURPOSES
Republic
Act No. 8295 |
|
AN
ACT AMENDING THE PROVISIONS OF PRESIDENTIAL DECREE NO. 1866,
AS AMENDED, ENTITLED "CODIFYING THE LAWS ON
ILLEGAL/UNLAWFUL POSSESSION, MANUFACTURE, DEALING IN,
ACQUISITION OR DISPOSITION OF FIREARMS, AMMUNITION OR
EXPLOSIVES OR INSTRUMENTS USED IN THE MANUFACTURE OF FIREARMS,
AMMUNITION OR EXPLOSIVES, AND IMPOSING STIFFER PENALTIES FOR
CERTAIN VIOLATIONS THEREOF, AND FOR RELEVANT PURPOSES"
Republic
Act No. 8294 |
|
MAGNA
CARTA FOR SMALL ENTERPRISES
Republic
Act No. 8289 |
|
PHILIPPINE
ANTI-HAZING LAW
Republic
Act No. 8049 |
|
AN
ACT AMENDING SECTION FOUR AND SECTION SIXTEEN OF
REPUBLIC ACT NUMBERED FOUR THOUSAND SEVEN HUNDRED
TWENTY-SIX, OTHERWISE KNOWN AS "THE CONDOMINIUM ACT"
Republic
Act No. 7899 |
|
ANTI-DUMPING
ACT OF 1994
Republic
Act No. 7845 |
|
LEGAL
EDUCATION ACT OF 1993
Republic
Act No. 7662 |
|
THE
PRICE ACT
Republic
Act No. 7581 |
|
AN
ACT DEFINING CERTAIN RIGHTS OF PERSON ARRESTED, DETAINED OR
UNDER CUSTODIAL INVESTIGATION AS WELL AS THE DUTIES OF THE
ARRESTING, DETAINING AND INVESTIGATING OFFICERS, AND PROVIDING
PENALTIES FOR VIOLATIONS THEREOF.
Republic
Act No. 7438 |
|
THE
CONSUMER ACT OF THE PHILIPPINES
Republic
Act No. 7394 |
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Moro
in the Philippines, any of several Muslim peoples of Mindanao,
Palawan, the Sulu Archipelago, and other southern islands.
Constituting about 5 percent of the Philippine population, they can
be classified linguistically into 10 subgroups: the Maguindanao of
North Cotabato, Sultan Kudarat, and ... |
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More Encyclopedia Entries
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Republic
of the Philippines.
Background Notes on Countries of the World
(10/19/98)
Provides information on the Republic of the Philippines as of
October 1998. Geography; Government; Economy; People; History;
Political conditions; Trade and investment opportunities; Principal
government officials; Foreign relations; Relations with the United
States; Principal United States embassy officials; Electronic
information resources on the Philippines. INSETS: Travel and
business information. |
Republic
of the Philippines.
Background Notes on Countries of the World
(08/08/99)
Provides information on the Republic of the Philippines. Geography;
People; Government and political conditions; Economic conditions as
of August 1999; History under the Spanish and American rule; Mining;
Agriculture and forestry; Foreign relations. |
Asia's
marine mammals.
Earth Island Journal
(09/01/99)
Deals with dolphin protection in Asia. Steps taken by the
International Monitoring Program in the Philippines to monitor tuna
canners; Uses of dolphins in Asia; Countries which used dolphin for
food; Reasons for taking dolphins. |
On
center stage.
Time South Pacific
(05/25/98)
Reports that Joseph Estrada has claimed victory in the Philippine
presidential elections in May, 1998. Why Filipinos should celebrate
the peaceful elections; Delays in tallying votes; Fears of vote
fraud; Ronald Reagan being Estrada's political model; Powers Estrada
defeated to win; Expected nature of Estrada's government. |
An
Invasion of Paradise.
Time
(05/08/2000)
Reports on the abduction of tourists from a resort on Sipadan
Island, off the coast of Malaysia, by members of Abu Sayyaf.
Description of the terrorism of the Muslim rebel group from the
Philippines; Members' struggle for an independent Muslim state;
Comments from Abu Sayyaf's leader, Khadaffy Janjalani. |
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Sentenaryo/Centennial:
The Philippine Revolution and the Philippine-American War
Syracuse University
Rating:
Comprehensive examination of the history and meaning of
the Philippine Revolution and the Spanish-American War.
Covers the history of relations between the U.S. and the
Philippines, U.S. imperialism in the 19th century, and
images, songs, and literature of the period. Also provides
a calendar of centennial events, regular opinion polls,
and related links. This collection of materials and
annotated links to pertinent sites offers a detailed and
creative analysis of the historical and cultural events
and their legacies. Articles highlight issues of race and
gender, the importance of historiographic arguments, and
memorials to the war and revolution. |
Kasaysayan:
Philippine History 101
Rating:
Comprehensive information about Philippine history.
Includes essays on the importance of history, specific
events, and issues; a timeline tracing the relationship
between the Philippines and the United States; a
discussion of the importance of names, terms, and
identity; photographs; and related links. |
Philippines
- A Country Study
U.S. Library of Congress
Rating:
Profile prepared under the Country Studies/Area Handbook
program of the U.S. Department of the Army. Provides a
detailed overview of the people, geography, history,
society, environment, economy, government, foreign
relations, and armed forces of the Philippines. |
Philippines
Travel
Rating:
Materials for business travelers to the Philippines.
Provides information about the climate, travel safety and
health, transportation, communications, visas,
accommodations, dining, entertainment, cultural
background, business etiquette, and public holidays. |
The
Philippines: U.S. Policy during the Marcos Years
George Washington University
Rating:
Examination of U.S. foreign policy toward the government
of the Philippines from 1965 to 1986. Provides background
information on Philippine Pres. Ferdinand Marcos, and
includes several photographs. Also displays
now-declassified U.S. government documents. |
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The
Philippine Revolution
from Philippines
In August 1896, Spanish friars uncovered evidence of the Katipunan's
plans, and its leaders were forced into premature action. Revolts
broke out in several provinces around Manila. After months of
fighting, severe Spanish retaliation forced the revolutionary armies
to retreat to the hills. |
Britannica's
Guide to the Countries of the World
Browse Encyclopaedia Britannica's outstanding articles for accurate and
in-depth information on the countries of the world. Comes complete with
maps, flags, images, and charts.
|
Republic
of the Philippines.
Background Notes on Countries of the World
(10/19/98)
Provides information on the Republic of the Philippines as of
October 1998. Geography; Government; Economy; People; History;
Political conditions; Trade and investment opportunities;
Principal government officials; Foreign relations; Relations with
the United States; Principal United States embassy officials;
Electronic information resources on the Philippines. INSETS:
Travel and business information. |
Republic
of the Philippines.
Background Notes on Countries of the World
(08/08/99)
Provides information on the Republic of the Philippines.
Geography; People; Government and political conditions; Economic
conditions as of August 1999; History under the Spanish and
American rule; Mining; Agriculture and forestry; Foreign
relations. |
Postcolonial
Visions and Immigrant Longings: Ninotchka Rosca's Versions of the
Philippines.
World Literature Today
(Winter99)
Focuses on the novels `State of War' and `Twice Blessed,' by
Ninotchka Rosca, about Philippine culture. What characterized
social and cultural practices in the Philippines; Irony in the
novel; How the novel ends. |
PAL's
friend.
Economist
(02/05/2000)
Discusses an aviation dispute between the Philippines and Taiwan,
and the role of the Philippines Airlines (PAL) in the dispute. A
total freeze of flights from Taiwan imposed by the Philippines in
October 1999; Bankruptcy of PAL during 1999 and claims by PAL that
Taiwanese carriers were undercutting prices and ferrying
passengers to the United States; Role of PAL owner Lucio Tan in
the reaction by the Philippines; Wider economic effect of the
action by the Philippines. |
Reef
Wars.
Time South Pacific
(03/08/99)
Presents information on the international reaction to China's
occupation of Mischief Reef in the Spratly island chain off the
coast of the Philippines. How the military of the Philippines is
unable to respond to China's creeping invasion; China's possible
plans to build a great sea wall across the South China sea;
Reaction from United States State Department spokesman James
Foley; History of the Spratlys. |
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THE
PHILIPPINES
The economy of the Philippines is based largely on agriculture, light
industries, and services. A market economy predominates, though
intervention by the government was increased in the late 20th century.
Prices have tended to rise more rapidly than purchasing power, and wages
are among the lowest in East Asia. The gross national product (GNP) per
capita, which has a negative real growth rate, is similar to that of other
developing countries.
Agriculture accounts for approximately one-fourth of the gross domestic
product (GDP) and employs more than two-fifths of the work force, many of
them tenant farmers. More than one-fourth of the land is arable;
irrigation is insufficient, and the government and various international
agencies have sponsored programs to expand the land under irrigation.
However, the country has not attained agricultural self-sufficiency.
Rice is the leading staple, though corn (maize) predominates in some
islands. Various hybrid strains of rice have been introduced and greater
amounts of fertilizer are now used, but yields are far from optimum. The
Philippines is a leading producer of coconuts, exported mainly as coconut
oil as well as whole and as copra. Sugarcane, bananas, and pineapples are
also widely grown and have supplanted traditional abaca (Manila hemp) and
tobacco as sources of foreign exchange.
The Philippines' forests are being depleted by widespread illegal
cutting and patterns of shifting cultivation that still persist. Large
quantities of high-quality timber and veneers are exported to Japan, the
United Kingdom, and the United States. Mining accounts for only a small
percentage of the GDP, but copper, gold, and iron ore are sources of
foreign exchange. Manufacturing accounts for approximately one-fourth of
the GDP and employs about one-tenth of the work force. Major manufactures
include processed foods, beverages, petroleum products, textiles, and
footwear. The government has encouraged the development of labour-intensive
industries, including the assembly of electrical and electronic equipment.
Only one-seventh of the country's roads are paved. There are international
airports at Manila and near Cebu on Mactan Island. The country's most
important port is Manila. The transportation infrastructure, however, is
poorly developed and has been a major obstacle to increasing agricultural
output. Exports include electrical and electronic equipment and
components, coconut products, clothing, fruits and vegetables, and sugar
and sugar products. Mineral fuels, capital goods, cereals, and chemicals
are imported. The balance of trade is frequently unfavourable. The United
States and Japan are the Philippines' leading trading partners.
Remittances from Filipinos working abroad are an important source of
foreign exchange. The government's budgetary expenditures have
traditionally exceeded revenues, and the external public debt has
increased sharply since 1980.
The Philippine constitution of 1987 (which replaced the Constitution of
1973, as amended in 1981 and 1984) vests executive power in the president,
the head of state, who is directly elected to a single six-year term. The
president appoints the Cabinet, which is responsible for the day-to-day
administration of the country. Legislative power is vested in the
bicameral Congress of the Philippines, consisting of a 204-member House of
Representatives and a 24-member Senate. House members are elected from
districts, although a number of them are appointed, and senators are
elected at large. The judicial system is headed by a politically
independent Supreme Court. A martial-law ban on political parties was
lifted in 1978, and since the mid-1980s partisan political activity has
been vigorous. Outlawed political organizations operating in the country
include a group seeking autonomy for Muslim Filipinos and a communist-led
insurgency.
Health-care facilities and personnel are concentrated in Manila; the
city has some 15 times as many physicians as the outlying rural areas.
Malnutrition is widespread, and the demand for health care continues to
outstrip available resources. A serious housing shortage exists, and some
squatter communities (especially around Manila) lack elementary facilities
for health and sanitation.
The literacy rate is high relative to Southeast Asian countries. Six
years of elementary education is officially compulsory and free in public
schools, and enrollment is almost universal. Many large universities,
mostly established in the early 20th century, are concentrated in Manila.
Freedom of the press is guaranteed by the constitution. Newspapers are
published in Pilipino, English, and many of the country's vernacular
dialects. There are numerous radio and television stations in operation in
the Philippines.
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